Infotopia: How Many Minds Produce Knowledge 英文原版 桑斯坦：信息烏托邦 Cass R. Sunstein

基本信息

By (author) Cass R. Sunstein

Format Paperback | 304 pages

Dimensions 136 x 204 x 16mm | 232g

Publication date 07 Jul 2008

Publisher Oxford University Press Inc

Publication City/Country New York, United States

Language English

Illustrations note 2 b/w line illus.

ISBN10 0195340671

ISBN13 9780195340679

頁面參數僅供參考，具體以實物為準

內容簡介

The rise of the "information society" offers not only considerable peril but also great promise. Beset from all sides by a never-ending barrage of media, how can we ensure that the most accurate information emerges and is heeded? In this book, Cass R. Sunstein develops a deeply optimistic understanding of the human potential to pool information, and to use that knowledge to improve our lives. In an age of information overload, it is easy to fall back on our own

prejudices and insulate ourselves with comforting opinions that reaffirm our core beliefs. Crowds quickly become mobs. The justification for the Iraq war, the collapse of Enron, the explosion of the space shuttle Columbia-all of these resulted from decisions made by leaders and groups trapped in

"information cocoons," shielded from information at odds with their preconceptions. How can leaders and ordinary people challenge insular decision making and gain access to the sum of human knowledge? Stunning new ways to share and aggregate information, many Internet-based, are helping companies, schools, governments, and individuals not only to acquire, but also to create, ever-growing bodies of accurate knowledge. Through a ceaseless flurry of self-correcting exchanges, wikis, covering

everything from politics and business plans to sports and science fiction subcultures, amass-and refine-information. Open-source software enables large numbers of people to participate in technological development. Prediction markets aggregate information in a way that allows companies, ranging from

computer manufacturers to Hollywood studios, to make better decisions about product launches and office openings. Sunstein shows how people can assimilate aggregated information without succumbing to the dangers of the herd mentality-and when and why the new aggregation techniques are so astoundingly accurate. In a world where opinion and anecdote increasingly compete on equal footing with hard evidence, the on-line effort of many minds coming together might well provide the best path to infotopia.

“信息社會”的興起不僅帶來了巨大的危險，而且帶來了巨大的希望。四面八方的媒體無休止地困擾着我們，我們如何確保最準確的信息出現並受到關注？在這本書中，Cass R. Sunstein對人類收集信息並利用這些知識改善我們的生活的潛力發展了非常樂觀的理解。在信息超負荷的時代，很容易退回到我們自己的

偏見上，並以令人寬慰的觀點與自己隔離開來，這些觀點重申了我們的核心信念。人羣迅速成為暴民。伊拉克戰爭的理由，安然（Enron）的崩潰，哥倫比亞號航天飛機的爆炸-所有這些都是由於陷入困境的領導人和團體做出的決定而產生的

“信息繭”，與他們的先入之見背道而馳。領導人和普通百姓如何挑戰孤立的決策並獲得人類知識的總和？許多基於Internet的令人驚歎的共享和彙總信息的新方法正在幫助公司，學校，政府和個人不僅獲得，而且創建不斷增長的準確知識體系。通過不斷的自我糾正交流，維基，涵蓋了

從政治和商業計劃到體育和科幻亞文化，大量和精煉信息，應有盡有。開源軟件使大量人蔘與技術開發。預測市場以一種可以使公司（從

計算機制造商到好萊塢工作室）的公司做出有關產品發佈和辦公地點的更好決策的方式來彙總信息。Sunstein展示了人們如何在不屈從於成羣思維的危險的情況下吸收匯總信息，以及何時以及為什麼新的彙總技術如此驚人地準確。在當今世界，意見和軼事越來越多地在有力證據的基礎上展開競爭，許多人齊心協力的在線努力很可能會提供*途徑

作者簡介

Cass R. Sunstein is Karl N. Llewellyn Distinguished Service Professor of Jurisprudence at the University of Chicago Law School, a contributing editor at the New Republic and the American Prospect, and a frequent contributor as well to such publications as the New York Times and the Washington Post. He is the recipient of the Henderson Prize and the Goldsmith Book Prize; his many books include Radicals in Robes, Republic.com, Why Societies Need Dissent, and Designing

Democracy: What Constitutions Do.

卡斯·桑斯坦（Cass R. Sunstein）是芝加哥大學法學院法學系傑出教授卡爾·N·萊韋林（Karl N. Llewellyn），《新共和國》和《美國展望》的特約編輯，並經常為《紐約時報》和《紐約時報》等出版物撰稿。華盛頓郵報。他是亨德森獎和戈德史密斯圖書獎的獲得者；他的許多著作包括《長袍激進黨》，Republic.com，《為什麼社會需要異議》和《設計 民主：憲法的作用》。

書籍目錄

Preface to the paperback edition; ; Preface and Acknowledgments; ; Introduction: Dreams and Nightmares; ; Chapter 1: The (Occasional) Power of Numbers; ; Chapter 2: The Surprising Failures of Deliberating Groups; ; Chapter 3: Four Big Problems; ; Chapter 4: Money, Prices, and Prediction Markets; ; Chapter 5: Many Working Minds: Wikis, Open Source Software, and Blogs; ; Chapter 6: Implications and Reforms; ; Conclusion: Realizing Promises; ; Appendix: Prediction Markets